Name Node in HDFS - Hadoop Classroom / Online Training

Name Node in HDFS

The Name Node holds all the file system metadata for the cluster and oversees the health of Data Nodes and coordinates access to data.  The Name Node is the central controller of HDFS.  It does not hold any cluster data itself.  The Name Node only knows what blocks make up a file and where those blocks are located in the cluster.  The Name Node points Clients to the Data Nodes they need to talk to and keeps track of the cluster’s storage capacity, the health of each Data Node, and making sure each block of data is meeting the minimum defined replica policy.

Data Nodes send heartbeats to the Name Node every 3 seconds via a TCP handshake, using the same port number defined for the Name Node daemon, usually TCP 9000.  Every tenth heartbeat is a Block Report, where the Data Node tells the Name Node about all the blocks it has.  The block reports allow the Name Node build its metadata and insure (3) copies of the block exist on different nodes, in different racks.

The Name Node is a critical component of the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS).  Without it, Clients would not be able to write or read files from HDFS, and it would be impossible to schedule and execute Map Reduce jobs.  Because of this, it’s a good idea to equip the Name Node with a highly redundant enterprise class server configuration; dual power supplies, hot swappable fans, redundant NIC connections, etc.

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